{
  "title": "Selected child pool and spa drowning data from the CPSC 2026 report",
  "compiledBy": "Fence Advisors",
  "compilationLicense": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "licenseNote": "License applies to the original Fence Advisors compilation, not third-party documents or trademarks. Retain source, period and scope.",
  "reviewedAt": "2026-10-03",
  "reportYear": 2026,
  "geography": "United States",
  "population": "Children younger than 15 years; pools and spas",
  "sources": [
    { "id": "cpsc-report", "label": "CPSC 2026 pool or spa submersion report", "url": "https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/Pool-or-Spa-Submersion-Estimated-Nonfatal-Drowning-Injuries-and-Reported-Drownings-2026-Report.pdf?VersionId=Tcl6zCJAGVwECg29hDgaEvkQQZBjiRBK", "locator": "Executive summary; Tables 1, 6, 10, 12; Appendix A" },
    { "id": "cpsc-release", "label": "CPSC report announcement, June 24, 2026", "url": "https://www.cpsc.gov/Newsroom/News-Releases/2026/CPSC-Report-Highlights-Persistent-Risk-of-Childhood-Drowning", "locator": "Summary and prevention recommendations" }
  ],
  "fatal": {
    "period": "2021-2023",
    "measurement": "Minimum counts of deaths reported to CPSC, not national incidence estimates",
    "annualAverage": 376,
    "total": 1128,
    "under5SharePercentPublished": 77,
    "years": [
      { "year": 2021, "under5": 290, "age5to9": 75, "age10to14": 25, "under15": 390 },
      { "year": 2022, "under5": 285, "age5to9": 54, "age10to14": 20, "under15": 359 },
      { "year": 2023, "under5": 297, "age5to9": 60, "age10to14": 22, "under15": 379 }
    ],
    "ageTotals": [
      { "age": "Younger than 5", "count": 872 },
      { "age": "5-9", "count": 189 },
      { "age": "10-14", "count": 67 }
    ],
    "locationsPercent": [
      { "location": "Home", "percent": 51 },
      { "location": "Family / friend / acquaintance", "percent": 15 },
      { "location": "Neighbor", "percent": 5 },
      { "location": "Public / community / business", "percent": 15 },
      { "location": "Undisclosed", "percent": 14 }
    ],
    "under5ScenariosPercent": [
      { "scenario": "Lost contact or knowledge of whereabouts", "percent": 59 },
      { "scenario": "Not enough information", "percent": 19 },
      { "scenario": "Observed near or in the pool / spa", "percent": 13 },
      { "scenario": "Barrier integrity or circumvented barrier", "percent": 10 }
    ]
  },
  "nonfatal": {
    "period": "2023-2025",
    "measurement": "National estimates of hospital emergency department-treated nonfatal injuries from NEISS",
    "annualAverage": 5900,
    "under5AnnualAverage": 4200,
    "age5to14AnnualAverage": 1700,
    "under5SharePercentPublished": 71,
    "admittedOrTransferredPercent": 42,
    "years": [
      { "year": 2023, "under5": 4100, "age5to14": 1100, "under15": 5200 },
      { "year": 2024, "under5": 4300, "age5to14": 1900, "under15": 6200 },
      { "year": 2025, "under5": 4200, "age5to14": 2000, "under15": 6200 }
    ]
  },
  "limitations": [
    "Fatalities and nonfatal injuries have different periods and different collection methods. Do not add them or calculate a case-fatality rate.",
    "Reported fatality counts are incomplete, subject to revision, and cannot establish U.S. population trends.",
    "The NEISS injury estimates are weighted estimates, rounded to the nearest hundred; percentages use unrounded weights.",
    "The 2026 report adjusted 2023 NEISS weights after a sampling-frame change. Earlier reports are not directly interchangeable.",
    "These are pool and spa data, not all-water drowning data and not a study of fence effectiveness.",
    "Location and scenario percentages use their stated populations. Scenario percentages sum to 101 because of rounding."
  ]
}